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December 16, 2018
Gun Thread: MOA vs Mils [Weasel]
Last week, discussion in the comments turned to measurement conventions for riflescopes; MOA or Minutes Of Angle, and Mil or Milliradian. It occurred to me that not everyone may be familiar with the two and exactly what each is referring to. So at the risk of introducing math to the thread, let's take a look, shall we? MOA - Minute(s) of Angle On a flat rifle range, the target point straight in front of you is zero degrees elevation, and an imaginary point directly overhead is 90 degrees elevation, which really is just one quarter of a giant circle. One MOA is a teeeensy little wedge of that big angle. Good so far? The nice thing about circles is the relationship between the radius and the arc remain constant. As the length of the radius increases, so does the arc. If we substitute the radius for range or distance to target, and the arc of the circle for elevation (or windage) we can compute a firing solution.
One Minute of Angle or MOA equals 1.047 inches at 100 yards. [trust me]. One MOA equals 2.094" at 200 yards (1.047x2), and 10.47" at 1000yds (1.047"x10), and so forth. The fractional amount of .047" or 47 thousandths per hundred yards is generally disregarded inside about 600 yards or so. POP QUIZ: Mils or Milliradians
Fractional Mil adjustments at 100 yds
Your shooting buddy has a mil scope and you have a MOA scope. He tells you he might be slightly gay, and the range to a target is 3.75 mils. How far away do you move your stuff in meters? What do you use for elevation in MOA?
Which is Better?
Mil DOT Reticle Note in the reticle shown above, the distance between the 'dots' is one MIL, or 3.6 inches at 100 yards. Would you choose this scope/reticle combination if your intended use regularly included target shooting at 600 yards? Conversely, would it be a good choice for shooting larger targets at shorter distances where absolute precision was not a priority, but fast target acquisition was bigly important?
Nightforce MIL-RILL Reticle
Nightforce MOA MOAR-T Reticle
Here's where the MOA and Mil business begins to matter. Say you're shooting a .308 with an MOA scope at 800 yds. Your data shows 27.3 MOA in elevation is required at this distance. You dial that in (27.25 MOA and hold the rest), take the shot and are high and right about 4 inches. Well at 800 yds, 1 MOA is 8.4" (1.047" x 8 = 8.4" rounded) so I'd take off 1/2 MOA in elevation and wind then hold verrrrrry slightly low and left, and take another shot. If your rifle scope has .25 MOA adjustment, that's two hash marks or 'clicks' of the elevation and windage knobs. Some scopes have finer .125" or eighth MOA adjustments per click and in that case you would want to dial down four hash marks or clicks to equal 1/2 MOA. Mil based scopes usually have 1/10th Mil adjustments. What's important is the little knobs can be a great tool for making adjustments. They can also create a disaster if you start turning them in the wrong direction, like someone did on firing position 42 in the last relay of Match 3 at the SW Nationals in Phoenix, AZ on February 5th, 2016, or so I've heard. I try to set them at the start of a match and leave them alone during each string, holding for wind and elevation, unless the conditions really change.
MOA Scope Metric users, estimate target size in centimeters and substitute the constant 34.4 in the formula to determine range in meters. Mil Scope Metric users, estimate the target size in centimeters and substitute the constant 10 in the formula to determine the range in meters. A good video from our pals at Vortex Optics can be found HERE with examples of ranging with reticles. One important point on using scopes to determine range to target - Second Focal Plane (SFP) scopes only range accurately at one specific magnification, while First Focal Plane (FFP) scopes range accurately across the entire range of magnification. Again, this is only important when using a scope to determine the range to target. The scope zero and other functions are the same for both types. Note to Readers This is intended as an introduction to the terms and concepts, rather than an exhaustive look at the use of riflescopes. For those interested, I'm planning a little more in-depth thread on determining elevation and windage and the factors that affect them.
***This Old Gun*** Astra 400 courtesy Warmongerel
My stepdad gave this to me 20+ years ago. It looked brand new so I figured that it was just some goofy 70's Eurotrash thing and put it in the safe and forgot about it. I looked it up a few years ago. It's an Astra 400 and it's almost 100 years old. They were made for the Spanish civil war and used by both sides. Some of them made it to Germany and were used by the Nazis instead of the Luger. Very nicely done Warmongerel! Now have you bought a cookbook and signed up for the 2019 NoVaMoMe?
And you wouldn't like bluebell when she's sad. Finally Don't forget to mark your calendars for the NoVaMoMe on February 9, 2019. If you are interested, please email the organizers! There is also a link in the main page left sidebar. Please note the new and improved gmail account MoronGunThread for sending in stories and pictures. Again, that's morongunthread at gmail dot com. If you have a question you would like to ask Gun Thread Staff offline, just send us a note and we'll do our best to answer. If you care to share the story of your favorite firearm, send a picture with your nic and tell us what you sadly lost in the tragic canoe accident. If you would like to remain completely anonymous, just say so. Lurkers are welcome! That's it for this week - have you been to the range? | Recent Comments
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